Bird photography and wildlife photography are challenging but rewarding genres of photography that require specialized gear to capture stunning images. One of the most important pieces of equipment for bird and wildlife photography is the lens. A good lens can make all the difference in capturing sharp, detailed images of elusive subjects.
With so many lenses on the market, it can be overwhelming to choose the right one for your needs. To help you make an informed decision, we’ve put together a list of the top 10 best lenses for bird photography and wildlife in the world. These lenses are highly regarded by professional photographers and have been tested and proven in the field.
In this blog post, we’ll go over the criteria for choosing a good lens for bird and wildlife photography, and provide a brief overview of each lens on our list. Whether you’re a seasoned pro or just starting out, this guide will help you find the perfect lens for capturing stunning images of birds and wildlife.
Bird photography and wildlife
Bird photography and wildlife photography are genres of photography that involve capturing images of birds and animals in their natural habitats. These types of photography require specialized techniques and equipment to get the best possible images.
Bird photography typically involves capturing images of birds in flight or perched on trees, bushes, or other objects. It often requires the use of long telephoto lenses to capture birds from a distance without disturbing them.
Wildlife photography, on the other hand, involves capturing images of animals in their natural habitats. This can include anything from large predators like lions and tigers to smaller animals like squirrels and rabbits. Wildlife photographers often use a range of lenses and techniques to capture animals in motion and in different lighting conditions.
Both bird photography and wildlife photography require patience, knowledge of the subject, and an understanding of the environment in which the animals live. They also require specialized equipment, including cameras, lenses, and tripods, to get the best possible images. With the right gear and technique, however, capturing stunning images of birds and animals in the wild can be a truly rewarding experience for photographers.
Top 10 Lenses for Bird Photography (Capture Stunning Wildlife Shots)
1. Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM
Top-rated telephoto lenses for bird photography
The Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM is a high-end telephoto lens that is ideal for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
- Aperture: The wide f/2.8 aperture allows for excellent low-light performance and shallow depth of field, making it easier to separate your subject from the background.
- Focal Length: The 400mm focal length is ideal for capturing distant subjects without disturbing them, making it perfect for wildlife photography.
- Image Stabilization: The lens features Canon’s latest image stabilization technology, which allows you to capture sharp images at slower shutter speeds and reduces camera shake when shooting handheld.
- Autofocus: The lens has a fast and accurate autofocus system, making it easier to track and capture moving subjects.
- Build Quality: The lens is built to Canon’s high standards, with a durable and weather-sealed design that can withstand harsh outdoor conditions.
- Weight and Size: Despite its large aperture and long focal length, the lens is relatively lightweight (2.84kg) and compact, making it easier to carry and handle in the field.
The Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM is an excellent choice for bird and wildlife photographers who demand the best performance and image quality from their equipment. Its combination of wide aperture, long focal length, image stabilization, and fast autofocus make it an outstanding lens for capturing stunning images of animals in their natural habitats.
Features:
- Focal Length: 400mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/2.8
- Minimum Aperture: f/32
- Lens Mount: Canon EF
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 52mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 2.5m (8.2 ft)
- Dimensions: 16 x 6.4 inches
- Weight: 2.84 kg (6.26 lb)
Pros:
- Excellent image quality with a wide f/2.8 aperture
- Long 400mm focal length ideal for wildlife and bird photography
- Advanced image stabilization technology
- Fast and accurate autofocus system
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Lightweight and compact for its class
- Lenses with fluorite or ED glass for birdwatchers
Cons:
- Expensive compared to other telephoto lenses
- Heavy and large size may be a challenge to carry for extended periods
- No zoom function, which can limit versatility in some situations
Price Range: The Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM is a professional-grade lens with a premium price tag. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $11,000 USD, making it a significant investment for most photographers. However, for those who demand the best performance and image quality from their equipment, the price may be worth it.
2. Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR
Prime lenses for birding enthusiasts
The Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR is a high-end telephoto lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 600mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/4
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: Nikon F
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 40.5mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 4.4m (14.4 ft)
- Dimensions: 17.1 x 6.4 inches
- Weight: 3.8 kg (8.4 lb)
Pros:
- Exceptional image quality with a wide f/4 aperture
- Long 600mm focal length ideal for wildlife and bird photography
- Advanced image stabilization technology that offers up to 4 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Lightweight and compact for its class
- Lenses with silent focusing for capturing shy birds
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
Cons:
- Expensive compared to other telephoto lenses
- Heavy and large size may be a challenge to carry for extended periods
- No zoom function, which can limit versatility in some situations
Price Range: The Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR is a professional-grade lens with a premium price tag. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $13,000 USD, making it a significant investment for most photographers. However, for those who demand the best performance and image quality from their equipment, the price may be worth it.
3. Sony FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS
Zoom lenses for capturing birds in flight
The Sony FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS is a high-end telephoto lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 600mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/4
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: Sony E
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 40.5mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 4.5m (14.76 ft)
- Dimensions: 6.75 x 17.8 inches
- Weight: 3.04 kg (6.7 lb)
Pros:
- Exceptional image quality with a wide f/4 aperture
- Long 600mm focal length ideal for wildlife and bird photography
- Advanced image stabilization technology that offers up to 5.5 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Lightweight and compact for its class
- Lenses with close focusing distance for intimate bird shots
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
- Compatible with Sony’s 1.4x and 2.0x teleconverters, giving you even more reach
Cons:
- Expensive compared to other telephoto lenses
- Heavy and large size may be a challenge to carry for extended periods
- No zoom function, which can limit versatility in some situations
- Some users may find the Sony E mount to be less compatible with older Sony camera models
Price Range: The Sony FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS is a professional-grade lens with a premium price tag. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $13,000 USD, making it a significant investment for most photographers. However, for those who demand the best performance and image quality from their equipment, the price may be worth it.
4. Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM
Professional birding lenses with image stabilization
The Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM is a versatile telephoto zoom lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 100-400mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/4.5-5.6
- Minimum Aperture: f/32-38
- Lens Mount: Canon EF
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 77mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 3.2 ft / 0.98m
- Dimensions: 3.7 x 7.6 inches
- Weight: 1.64 kg (3.62 lb)
Pros:
- Versatile zoom range from 100-400mm, giving you a range of focal lengths to work with
- Advanced image stabilization technology that offers up to 4 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Super telephoto lenses for capturing rare birds
- Relatively lightweight and compact compared to other telephoto zoom lenses
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
Cons:
- Maximum aperture is not as wide as prime lenses, which may limit low light performance
- Image quality may not be as sharp as prime lenses at the same focal length
- Some users may find the zoom mechanism to be stiff or difficult to operate smoothly
- May not be suitable for extreme telephoto situations
Price Range: The Canon EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM is a high-quality zoom lens with a mid-range price tag. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $2,300 USD, making it a more affordable option for photographers who want a versatile telephoto lens without breaking the bank.
5. Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 200-500mm f/5.6E ED VR
Wide aperture lenses for low-light birding
The Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 200-500mm f/5.6E ED VR is a telephoto zoom lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 200-500mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/5.6
- Minimum Aperture: f/32
- Lens Mount: Nikon F
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 95mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 7.2 ft. (2.2m)
- Dimensions: 4.2 x 10.5 inches
- Weight: 2.3 kg (5.1 lb)
Pros:
- Versatile zoom range from 200-500mm, giving you a range of focal lengths to work with
- Image stabilization technology that offers up to 4.5 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Lenses with anti-reflective coatings for birding
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
- More affordable compared to other telephoto zoom lenses
Cons:
- Maximum aperture is not as wide as prime lenses, which may limit low light performance
- Some users may find the lens to be heavy or difficult to carry for extended periods
- Image quality may not be as sharp as prime lenses at the same focal length
- Zoom mechanism may be stiff or difficult to operate smoothly
Price Range: The Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 200-500mm f/5.6E ED VR is a mid-range telephoto zoom lens that is more affordable compared to other high-end options. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $1,400 USD, making it a great option for photographers who want a versatile telephoto lens without breaking the bank.
6. Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM | Sports
Mirrorless lenses for bird photography on the go
The Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM | Sports is a telephoto zoom lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 150-600mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/5-6.3
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: Canon EF, Nikon F, Sigma SA
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 105mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 102.4 in / 260 cm
- Dimensions: 4.8 x 11.4 inches
- Weight: 2.9 kg (6.4 lb)
Pros:
- Versatile zoom range from 150-600mm, giving you a range of focal lengths to work with
- Image stabilization technology that offers up to 4 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
- Zoom lenses with versatile focal lengths for birding trips
- More affordable compared to other telephoto zoom lenses
Cons:
- Maximum aperture is not as wide as prime lenses, which may limit low light performance
- Image quality may not be as sharp as prime lenses at the same focal length
- Some users may find the lens to be heavy or difficult to carry for extended periods
- Zoom mechanism may be stiff or difficult to operate smoothly
Price Range: The Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM | Sports is a mid-range telephoto zoom lens that is more affordable compared to other high-end options. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $1,700 USD, making it a great option for photographers who want a versatile telephoto lens without breaking the bank.
7. Tamron SP 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Di VC USD G2
Affordable birding lenses for beginners
The Tamron SP 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Di VC USD G2 is a telephoto zoom lens that is designed for bird photography and wildlife photography. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 150-600mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/5-6.3
- Minimum Aperture: f/32
- Lens Mount: Canon EF, Nikon F, Sony A
- Image Stabilization: Yes
- Autofocus: Yes
- Filter Thread: 95mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 86.6 in / 220 cm
- Dimensions: 4.3 x 10.2 inches
- Weight: 2.01 kg (4.43 lb)
Pros:
- Versatile zoom range from 150-600mm, giving you a range of focal lengths to work with
- Image stabilization technology that offers up to 4.5 stops of compensation
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Durable and weather-sealed construction
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a hood that can be reversed for storage
- More affordable compared to other telephoto zoom lenses
- Versatile lenses for birding and wildlife photography
- Improved optics compared to the previous version, with better sharpness and reduced chromatic aberration
Cons:
- Maximum aperture is not as wide as prime lenses, which may limit low light performance
- Some users may find the lens to be heavy or difficult to carry for extended periods
- Zoom mechanism may be stiff or difficult to operate smoothly
- Some users may experience autofocus issues or inconsistencies
Price Range: The Tamron SP 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Di VC USD G2 is a mid-range telephoto zoom lens that is more affordable compared to other high-end options. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $1,400 USD, making it a great option for photographers who want a versatile telephoto lens without breaking the bank.
8. Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 300mm f/4 IS PRO
Weather-sealed lenses for outdoor bird photography
The Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 300mm f/4 IS PRO is a high-end telephoto prime lens designed for micro four thirds cameras. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 300mm (600mm equivalent on full-frame)
- Maximum Aperture: f/4
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: Micro Four Thirds
- Image Stabilization: Yes (Sync IS)
- Autofocus: Yes (MSC)
- Filter Thread: 77mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 4.59 ft / 1.4m
- Dimensions: 3.1 x 8.9 inches
- Weight: 2.8 lb / 1270 g
Pros:
- Compact and lightweight compared to other telephoto lenses, making it easier to carry and use
- High-quality optics with excellent sharpness, contrast, and color reproduction
- Image stabilization technology that offers up to 6 stops of compensation when paired with a compatible camera
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with full-time manual override
- Weather-sealed construction that is dustproof, splashproof, and freezeproof
- Compatible with Olympus teleconverters for additional reach
- Telephoto lenses with fast autofocus for birding
- Comes with a custom-fit hard case and a removable tripod collar
Cons:
- Maximum aperture of f/4 may not be wide enough for some low-light situations
- Micro Four Thirds format may not be suitable for all types of wildlife photography
- Expensive compared to other micro four thirds lenses
- No built-in hood, and the lens hood is sold separately
Price Range: The Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 300mm f/4 IS PRO is a high-end telephoto prime lens that is priced accordingly. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $2,500 USD, making it one of the most expensive lenses for micro four thirds cameras. However, the lens offers exceptional quality and features that make it well worth the investment for serious bird and wildlife photographers using micro four thirds cameras.
9. Panasonic Lumix S Pro 70-200mm f/2.8 O.I.S.
High-resolution lenses for bird photography
The Panasonic Lumix S Pro 70-200mm f/2.8 O.I.S. is a professional telephoto zoom lens designed for the Lumix S series of full-frame mirrorless cameras. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 70-200mm
- Maximum Aperture: f/2.8
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: L-mount
- Image Stabilization: Yes (O.I.S.)
- Autofocus: Yes (DUAL I.S. 2)
- Filter Thread: 82mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 0.92m / 3.02 ft
- Dimensions: 94.4 x 208.6mm / 3.72 x 8.21in
- Weight: 1570g / 55.29oz
Pros:
- High-quality optics with excellent sharpness, contrast, and color reproduction
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with DUAL I.S. 2 technology for even better image stabilization
- Weather-sealed construction that is dustproof, splashproof, and freezeproof down to -10°C
- Compact and lightweight compared to other 70-200mm f/2.8 lenses, making it easier to carry and use
- Best lens accessories for bird photographers
- Focus clutch mechanism for quick switching between autofocus and manual focus modes
- Best lenses for capturing colorful plumage in birds
- Compatible with teleconverters for additional reach
- Comes with a removable tripod collar and a carrying case
Cons:
- No built-in hood, and the lens hood is sold separately
- Some users may prefer the handling and balance of a larger, heavier lens for long shooting sessions
- Expensive compared to other telephoto zoom lenses
Price Range: The Panasonic Lumix S Pro 70-200mm f/2.8 O.I.S. is a high-end telephoto zoom lens that is priced accordingly. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $2,600 USD, making it one of the most expensive lenses for the Lumix S series of cameras. However, the lens offers exceptional quality and features that make it well worth the investment for serious bird and wildlife photographers using the Lumix S series of cameras.
10. Fujifilm XF100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 R LM OIS W
Long-range birding lenses for wildlife enthusiasts
The Fujifilm XF100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 R LM OIS WR is a professional telephoto zoom lens designed for Fujifilm’s X-series of mirrorless cameras. Here are some of the key features and benefits of this lens:
Features:
- Focal Length: 100-400mm (equivalent to 152-609mm in 35mm format)
- Maximum Aperture: f/4.5-5.6
- Minimum Aperture: f/22
- Lens Mount: Fujifilm X-mount
- Image Stabilization: Yes (OIS)
- Autofocus: Yes (Twin Linear Motor)
- Filter Thread: 77mm
- Minimum Focus Distance: 1.75m / 5.74 ft
- Dimensions: 94.8mm x 210.5mm / 3.73in x 8.29in
- Weight: 1,375g / 48.51oz
Pros:
- High-quality optics with excellent sharpness, contrast, and color reproduction
- Fast and accurate autofocus system with Twin Linear Motor technology for quiet and smooth focusing
- Effective image stabilization with up to 5 stops of compensation
- Weather-sealed construction that is dust-resistant, splash-resistant, and freezeproof down to -10°C
- Compact and lightweight compared to other 100-400mm telephoto zoom lenses, making it easier to carry and use
- Best lens brands for bird photography
- Comes with a removable tripod collar and a lens hood
Cons:
- The maximum aperture of f/4.5-5.6 is not as wide as some other telephoto zoom lenses, which may limit its low-light performance or ability to achieve shallow depth of field
- The lens hood can be difficult to attach and remove
- Some users may find the manual focus ring to be too narrow or sensitive
- The lens is relatively expensive compared to other Fujifilm X-mount lenses
Price Range: The Fujifilm XF100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 R LM OIS WR is a high-end telephoto zoom lens that is priced accordingly. As of July 2024, the lens is available for around $1,900 USD, making it one of the more expensive lenses for Fujifilm’s X-series of cameras. However, the lens offers exceptional quality and features that make it well worth the investment for serious bird and wildlife photographers using Fujifilm’s X-series of cameras.
Importance of having a good lens
Having a good lens is essential for bird photography and wildlife photography because it can make all the difference in capturing sharp, detailed images of elusive subjects. Here are a few reasons why having a good lens is important:
Having a good lens is essential for bird and wildlife photography because it allows you to capture detailed, high-quality images from a distance, in different lighting conditions, and with reduced camera shake. Investing in a good lens can make a huge difference in the quality of your images and help take your photography to the next level.
Criteria for choosing a good lens
When choosing a lens for bird photography and wildlife photography, there are several important criteria to consider. Here are some key factors to keep in mind:
By considering these factors, you can choose a lens that is well-suited to your needs and will help you capture stunning images of birds and wildlife.
FAQs
What is the best lens for bird photography and wildlife?
There is no one “best” lens for bird photography and wildlife as it depends on individual preferences and shooting conditions. However, some top options include the Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM, Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR, Sony FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS, and Tamron SP 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Di VC USD G2.
What should I look for when choosing a lens for bird photography and wildlife?
Some key factors to consider when choosing a lens for bird photography and wildlife include focal length, aperture, image stabilization, autofocus speed and accuracy, build quality, and weight. It’s important to choose a lens that is suitable for the type of photography you’ll be doing and the shooting conditions you’ll encounter.
Can I use a zoom lens for bird photography and wildlife?
Yes, many photographers use zoom lenses for bird photography and wildlife as they offer versatility in focal length and composition. However, prime lenses often have better image quality and wider maximum apertures, which can be beneficial in certain shooting conditions.
What is the difference between image stabilization and vibration reduction?
Image stabilization and vibration reduction are two different terms used by different camera manufacturers to describe the same technology. Both technologies use gyroscopic sensors to detect camera shake and compensate for it by moving lens elements to counteract the movement and produce a sharper image.
Do I need a tripod for bird photography and wildlife?
A tripod can be helpful for bird photography and wildlife, particularly when using long and heavy lenses. However, it’s not always necessary and some photographers prefer to shoot handheld for greater mobility and flexibility. If you do use a tripod, make sure it is sturdy enough to support the weight of your camera and lens and has features such as a center column hook and bubble level for added stability.
Is it necessary to have a fast aperture for bird photography and wildlife?
Having a fast aperture can be beneficial for bird photography and wildlife, particularly in low-light conditions where you need to maintain a fast shutter speed to freeze movement. A wide aperture also allows for a shallower depth of field, which can help isolate your subject from the background. However, fast lenses can be expensive and heavier, so it’s important to consider your shooting needs and budget when choosing a lens.
How can I practice my bird photography and wildlife skills?
Practice is key to improving your bird photography and wildlife skills. You can start by finding a local park or wildlife reserve and practicing shooting different subjects and lighting conditions. You can also join a photography group or workshop to learn from other photographers and gain feedback on your work. Finally, it’s important to be patient and observant, as capturing great wildlife shots often requires time and persistence.
How do I maintain and clean my bird photography and wildlife lens?
To maintain and clean your lens, it’s important to use a soft-bristled brush or blower to remove any dust or debris before wiping the lens with a microfiber cloth or lens cleaning solution. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials that can scratch the lens or damage the coatings. It’s also important to store your lens in a dry and cool environment to prevent moisture buildup and mold growth.
Can I use a lens converter with my bird photography and wildlife lens?
Using a lens converter can be a cost-effective way to extend the focal length of your bird photography and wildlife lens, but it’s important to choose a high-quality converter that won’t degrade the image quality. However, using a converter can also reduce the maximum aperture of your lens and slow down autofocus speed.
Should I choose a lens with a full-frame or crop sensor?
Whether you choose a lens with a full-frame or crop sensor depends on your camera body and shooting preferences. Full-frame lenses are typically more expensive and heavier, but they provide a wider field of view and better low-light performance. Crop sensor lenses are smaller and lighter, but they have a narrower field of view and may not perform as well in low light. If you have a full-frame camera body, you will need to choose a lens that is compatible with that sensor size, while crop sensor cameras can use both crop and full-frame lenses.
Conclusion
Choosing the right lens is critical for successful bird photography and wildlife photography. A good lens not only allows you to capture sharp and detailed images of your subject, but also gives you the flexibility to adapt to different shooting situations.
When selecting a lens, consider factors such as focal length, aperture, image stabilization, and build quality. The lenses mentioned in this article, including the Canon EF 400mm f/2.8L IS III USM, Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR, and Sony FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS, are all top-performing lenses that are widely used by professional wildlife photographers. By carefully considering your shooting needs and budget, you can find a lens that will help you achieve stunning results in your bird and wildlife photography.